Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have uncovered a significant lithium deposit in Pennsylvania, potentially supplying the United States with up to 40% of its lithium needs. This valuable mineral was discovered in wastewater from Marcellus Shale gas wells across the state, offering a promising domestic source for this critical resource.
The demand for lithium in the U.S. is expected to skyrocket by nearly 500% by 2030, according to a report from Fastmarkets. Lithium is essential for various modern technologies, including batteries for smartphones, laptops, and electric vehicles. Currently, most of the world’s lithium supply comes from China and Chile, making this discovery in Pennsylvania particularly significant for reducing dependency on foreign sources.
Justin Mackey, a research scientist at the UPitt National Energy Technology Laboratory, has been studying lithium deposits alongside his mentor, associate professor Daniel Bain. Their findings were published earlier this year in the journal Scientific Reports. Mackey explained, “We have found that there was sufficient lithium in the waters to supply somewhere between 30 and 40 percent of the current U.S. national demand.”
The Marcellus Formation, where the lithium was found, is an unconventional natural gas field that spans significant portions of central Appalachia. This formation, which originated between 252 and 541 million years ago, requires substantial amounts of water for fracking. The lithium is present in the wastewater produced during this process.
Mackey emphasized the importance of a domestic lithium source, stating, “We want a domestic source of lithium to decarbonize the American economy that is both safe, reliable, and environmentally friendly.” However, the researchers noted that their optimistic estimates assume 100% lithium recovery and cost-effective extraction processes compared to other uses for the water.
By 2030, the U.S. is projected to require 412,000 tonnes of lithium carbonate equivalent, marking a 487% increase from current demand. This discovery in Pennsylvania could play a crucial role in meeting that demand and supporting the growth of the nation’s clean energy and technology sectors.
The potential for such a significant domestic supply of lithium offers a strategic advantage for the U.S., potentially reducing reliance on international sources and enhancing energy security. As research and extraction methods advance, this discovery could become a cornerstone of America’s energy future.
